What is Beam?
→ A beam is a structural member which is primarily subjected
to a system of external loads that act transverse to its axis.
→ The forces in
the longitudinal direction and twisting moments about the longitudinal axis may
act in addition to transverse loading.
→ A beam is therefore different from a bar
in tension or a bar in compression because of the direction of loads acting on
it.
→ A beam has a characteristic feature that internal forces called shear forces and the internal moments called bending moments are developed in it, to
resists the external loads.
→ Many shafts of machines act as beams.
→ The beams may
be straight or curved.
→ The actual installation of a straight beam may be vertical,
inclined or horizontal.
→ But, for convenience the beams discussed here will be
shown in horizontal position.
→ For the beams the distance (L) between the
supports is called a span.
![Beam Beam](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7a1Hea3Vvd8zVxf85WZaMyJHnyX5ZqAQz9NOhya6ddPj5SPuehbo-2aDZa7qVnvm9w-x4I7M3jbRrOqhzfmvboEub1ks4tceDbXIwtBd1okN3vBn6Xo3PrHatzTLRjyqBZr2_zi6HK2A/w640-h320/Beam.png)
Classification
of beams:
The beams may be classified in several ways, but the
commonly used classification is based on support conditions. On this basis the
beams can be divided into six types:
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